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Friday ( or ) is the day after Thursday which precedes Saturday. In countries adopting ''Monday-first'' conventions as recommended by the international standard ISO 8601, it is the fifth day of the week. It is the sixth day in countries that adopt a ''Sunday-first'' convention, as in the Abrahamic tradition. In other countries (see workweek and weekend), Friday is the first day of the week-end, with Saturday the second. In Afghanistan and Iran, Friday is the last day of the week-end, with Saturday as the first day of the working week. Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) and Kuwait also followed this convention until they changed to a Friday–Saturday week-end, on September first, 2006 in Bahrain and the U.A.E.,〔(Bahrain changes the weekend in efficiency drive )〕 and a year later in Kuwait.〔(Kuwait Changes to Friday-Saturday Weekend )〕 In Iran, Friday is the only week-end day. In Saudi Arabia and the Maldives, there are two week-ends where Friday is the first week-end of the week while Saturday is the second week-end. ==Etymology== The name ''Friday'' comes from the Old English ''Frīġedæġ,'' meaning the "day of Frige", a result of an old convention associating the Old English goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess Venus, with whom the day is associated in many different cultures. The same holds for ''Frīatag'' in Old High German, ''Freitag'' in Modern German and ''vrijdag'' in Dutch. The expected cognate name in Old Norse would be '' *friggjar-dagr''. However, the name of Friday in Old Norse is ''frjá-dagr'' instead, indicating a loan of the week-day names from Low German.〔Hermann Paul, ''Grundriss der germanischen philologie'', vol 3, 1900, p. 369.〕 The modern Scandinavian form is ''Fredag'' in Swedish, Norwegian and Danish, meaning Freyja's day. The distinction between Freyja and Frigg in some Germanic mythologies is problematic. The word for Friday in most Romance languages is derived from Latin ''dies Veneris'' or "day of Venus" (a translation of Greek ''Aphrodites hemera'') such as ''vendredi'' in French, ''venerdì'' in Italian, ''viernes'' in Spanish, ''divendres'' in Catalan, ''vennari'' in Corsican, and ''vineri'' in Romanian. This is also reflected in the p-Celtic Welsh language as ''dydd Gwener''. An exception is Portuguese, also a Romance language, which uses the word ''sexta-feira,'' meaning "sixth day of liturgical celebration", derived from the Latin "feria sexta" used in religious texts where it was not allowed to consecrate days to pagan gods. Sardinian ''chenàpura'' figures as an exception among all the other Romance languages, since it is derived from Latin ''cena pura'': this name had been given by the Jewish community exiled to the island in order to designate the food specifically prepared for Shabbat eve.〔(Sa limba sarda (article written in Italian) )〕 In modern Greek, four of the words for the week-days derived from ordinals. However, the Greek word for Friday is Paraskevi (Παρασκευή) and is derived from a word meaning "to prepare" (παρασκευάζω). Like Saturday (Savvato, Σάββατο) and Sunday, (Kyriaki, Κυριακή), Friday is named for its liturgical significance, as the day of preparation before Sabbath, which was inherited by Greek Christian Orthodox culture from Jewish practices. Most Slavic languages call Friday the "fifth (day)": Belarusian ''пятніца – pyatnitsa'', Bulgarian ''петък – petŭk'', Czech ''pátek'', Polish ''piątek'', Russian ''пятница – pyatnitsa'', Serbian ''петак – petak'', Croatian ''petak'', Slovene ''petek'', Slovak ''piatok'', and Ukrainian ''п'ятниця – p'yatnitsya''. The Hungarian word ''péntek'' is a loan from some Slavic language from the time it still had the () sound in the word. In Arabic, Friday is الجمعة ''al-jum`ah'', from a root meaning "congregation/gathering." In languages of Islamic countries outside the Arab world, the word for Friday is commonly a derivation of this (Indonesian ''jumat'', Malay ''jumaat'', Turkish ''cuma'', Persian "جمعه"). In most of the Indian languages, Friday is ''Shukravar'' (or a derived variation of Sukravar), named for Shukra, the Sanskrit name of the planet Venus. In Japanese, is formed from the words meaning Venus (lit. gold + planet) and meaning day (of the week). In the Korean language, it is 금요일 in Korean Hangul writing, (Romanization: ''geumyoil''), as is pronounced of the written word 金曜日 in Chinese characters same as in Japanese. In the Nahuatl language, Friday is () meaning "day of Quetzalcoatl". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Friday」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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